Headlight and signal-lamp.



W. CHURCHILL.

HEADLIGHT AND SIGNAL LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 29, 1910.

1,057,935, Patented Apr. 1, 1913.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR I m .5. l/WM WWWQRWXM c QSE WSS AITORNEY WIL IAM onuncnrnnor oormme, NEW YORK.

. HEADLIG T AND SIGNAL-LAMP.

v Specification of I.etters Patent. Application filed November 29,1910. Serial No. 594,766.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit knownthat LWILLIAM CHURCHILh,

a, citizen of the 'United States, residing at- Corning,-in the county of Steuben and State of New York, have-invented cert-ain new.

and useful Improvementsi'n Headlights and SignaL-Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention the arrangement of lenses and reflectors in headlights for use upon locomotives, automobiles and the like, and "in signal-lamps for semaphore and other uses, where it is dosirablepot only to projectthe beam of light to a distance in front of the vehicle orsignal, but also to disperse a portion of angle of "llummation over sired.m v

I attain myob ect by 'CO'IHbIIIIIIg a lens and reflector with the source of light in the will be reflected .from' points on the reflector,

manner illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which the figure shows my lamp 1 partially in vertical section and partially inp ob ects at a distance may be. clearly disside elevation.

' In this illustrationlhave' shown-a Fresnel lens 1, properly positioned in front of the'flame of alamp 3- to project a beam' o parallel rays: and-backof the lamp is pOSl'.

tioned a spherical reflector 2, so focused short distance in front of the flame. As so arranged the rays of light from the-flame suchas 'J,"K, J 4 ,through the focus F to the points 13,1) and G', respeotively,on the-lens;

"passin thence on lines divergent fromjthe axis 0 the system in the directions E A, l); and G A, respectively, .while the direct rays passing from ;the focus F. through the lenses, whereby the ,rays' issuing A I 5. points fand f' at the top'an'd bottom of 'the lens will pass'outtherefrom parallel to the axis, as indicated by the linesE B and G B.

- Toproduce the 'best'results' in this c'ombination, I; 'referably make the-lens in eonformity "v'vlth my Letters} Patent #801,766,

dated-OctoberlO, I9Q5, for improvement in from the.

relates to improvements in F in the'center of theflame, that-a .conju flame, respectively, will issue from the lens in convergent rays EC and G G, and from PatentedApr. 1.1913 f intermediate points in a like manner, to increase the brilliancy of the beam oflight Y projected by the lens, .I do not, however,

' limit myself to any particular form of lens.

. WVhi-le direct rays of light issuing from I the flame, as from [the points 7 and f through the lens -will produce a certain.

amount of divergence,-a s shown by the lines f I-H and f" ICH, respectively, the reflected rays ssuing from .the' conjugate focus F will give a'greater divergence. Thus, in the relative arrangementof the parts, asillus- .trated,-' the lines I H and I H havd-a di vergencefrom the axis o'f-but .&', 'while the lines E A, D D and-G A'have a'.'divergence i "of 8. By moving the reflector-nearer to the source of light this divergence may be increased as desired, the conjugate focus being thus moved closer to the lens and the angle I of incldence increased. In-any arrangement of 'tl1e combination, when a spherical reflector is used, the center of curvature of such reflectorlies on the xis midway be- -tween the pointsF and F, according to the well known 0 tical'lawsof reflection.

7 With headlights, it will at times be de- Out the. beam .ofdivergen rays, so that 'si'rable, under. running" coidjtions to cut closed by thebeamof parallel rays; and for th s purp'ose'I interpose an eclipsing screen hung or supported in the lamp that it may -4, of metal or other suitable material, so F be movedinto positionto cut off the rays of 3 7 light "from the lamp to the reflector. By

way of illustration, 1 have shown this screenv as pivotally mounted upon a projection 7 from the lamp, by means of a split ring,- 8, which is held. in position by a clamping thumb screw 9. Atpthen'timesit may be desirable to cut oil the directrays from the lens and utilize only thev reflected rays which produce the divergent beam, To thi's'end I provide a screen 5,- having an: aperture, the

center of which coincides" with the conjugate. focus F,- the screen being so posi-. gtioned' as to bring this .focal point into central position therein: C[his screen is arm 6 on the'l'amp.

. iv'otally' supported in "like manner upon an While. I have sh0wn, fo'r thegp'urpose of illustration, the screens" mountedas above limit' myself any way described, I. do not self to the use a Fresnel lens and spherical reflector, although I believe this com I bination will be the most 'efiective; nor to the combination of the lens and reflector with an oil lamp, as the sourceof illumination may bean acetylene flame, or an electric light, or any other. Nor do I limit myself to any special material for the reflector, as the reflector may be made of various kinds of metal, silvered glass or prismatic glass. The best results will be secured, however, by the use ofsilvered glass. I

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. The combination with [a source of illuminationof a corrugated condensin lens arranged to project a beam of light 0 substantial'ly parallel rays, a spherical reflector arranged to project a beam of more divergent rays produced'by the combined action of reflector and lens, and a movable screen mamas interposed between said source andthe reflector for cutting off the divergent'beam.

2. The comb nation, with a lens, a re: flector and a source of illumination so arranged as to project beams of light of Sllb'."

screen being positioned at a conjugate focus of the-reflector and having an aperture atthe lens for cutting ofi the direct rays, said said focus for the passage of'the reflected rays. 7

In testimony whereof I have ajflixed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

I WILLIAM CHURCHILL. Witnesses I M. E vmmnoii,

EUGENE DIVEN. 

